一、文摘的目的(Purpose)

　世界范围科技文献的快速增加，给科技工作者查找科技资料带来了很大的困难。为方便科技文献的检索，有关情报部门将原始文献的主要内容摘录出来做成文献并出版检索期刊。由于文摘种类不同、编辑方式不同、检索方法不同，因此国内外检索期刊种类亦是多种多样，并形成情报检索　(Information etrieval) 这一新的学科。本文由中国

五、文体风格(styles)

⒈文摘叙述要简明，逻辑性强；
⒉句子结构严谨完整，尽量用短句子；
⒊技术术语尽量用工程领域的通用标准；
⒋用过去时态叙述作者工作，用现在时态叙述作者结论；
　　如“The structure of dislocation cores in GaP was investigated by weak-beam electron microscopy. The dislocations are dissociated into two Shokley partials with separations of (80±10) A and (40±10) A in the pure edge and screw cases respectively.”
⒌可用动词的情况尽量避免用动词的名词形式；
　　如用 Thickness of plastic sheets was measured.
不用 Measurement of thickness of plastic sheet was made.
⒍注意冠词用法，分清 a 是泛指，the 是专指； 如 Pressure is a function of temperature 而不应是 Pressure is a function of the temperature. The refinery operates …而不应是Refinery operates …
⒎避免使用长系列形容词或名词来修饰名词，可用预置短语分开或用连字符( hyphen)断开名词组，作为单 个形容词(一个形容词)。
　　如应用 The choloring-containing propylene-based polymer of high meld index. 代替 The cholorine containing high melt index propylene based polymer.
⒏不使用俚语外语表达概念，应该用标准英语；
⒐尽量应用主动语态代替被动语态；如 A exceeds B 比 B is exceeded by A好.
⒑语言要简炼，但不得使用电报型语言；
　　如 Adsorption nitrobenzene on copper chronite investigation. 应为 Adsorption of nitrobenzene on copper chronite was investigated.
⒒文词要纯朴无华，不要用多姿多彩的文学性描述手法；
　　如 Working against time on hot slag and spilled metal in condition of choking dust and blinding steam, are conditions no maker would choose for his machines to operate in.
⒓组织好句子，使动词尽量靠近主语；
　　例如不用：The decolorazation in solutions of the pigment in dioxane ,which were exposed to 10 hr. of UV irradiation, was no longer irreversible.
而用 When the pigment was dissolved in dioxane, decolorization was irreversible after 10hr. of UV irradiation.
⒔用重要的事实开头, 尽力避免用辅助从句开头;
例如用: Power consumption of telephone suitching systems was determined from data obtained experimentally.
而不用: From data obtained experimentally, power consumption of telephone switching systems was determined.
⒕删繁从简; 如用 increased 代替 has been found to increase
⒖文摘中涉及其他人的工作或研究成果时，尽量列出他们的名字；
⒗文摘词语的拼写用英美拼法都可，但在每一篇中须保持一致。

六、文摘中的特殊字符(Special Characters)

特殊字符主要指各种数学符号及希腊字母，它们无法直接输入计算机，因此都需转成键盘上有的字母和符号，Ei对此有专门规定。按规定的表达方式输入计算机后，通过软件识别并在印刷刊物上印出正确的特殊字符。希望在文摘中尽量少用特殊字符及

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