浅析琵琶“弹”的声学特性

摘要:本文采用实验分析的方法对琵琶演奏时的“弹”进行分析,提取了26个音的时长、能量、频谱的声学参数,结果显示:1)倍高音、高音、中音、低音、倍低音的时长依次增加;2)整体能量衰减速度减慢,并提出周期型、弧线形、直线型三种能量的衰减模式;3)对频谱进行研究,并分析出琵琶的谐波振动周期性模式。本文首次将实验语音学研究方法引入琵琶的研究中,为琵琶演奏和教学提供理论依据。
　　关键字:琵琶;乐器声学;能量;时长;频谱
　　Abstract:The paper mainly use the experimental method analysis the lute’s plucking performance (one of fingering). Extracting 26 tones’ duration, energy, spectrum of acoustic parameters: 1) Time of double treble, treble, alto, bass, double bass increased consequently; 2) Energy decreases slows down and extracting three kinds of decay mode: cycle type, arc-shaped, linear type; 3) Reaching spectrum and anglicizing harmonic vibration mode of lute. It is the first time to use physiological phonetics research methods in lute’s research-ing. Provide the theoretical basis for lute’s playing and teaching.
　　Keywords: lute; instrumental acoustic;energy; duration; spectrum
　　
　　一、引言

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