〔

b2: did u receive my e-mail today?

a2: i am always praised by people around me.

a3: no. i haven’t checked it today.

例中的a3和b2,都是连续发话的部分,也是新话题的开始。如果交际一方对其中的任何一个话题不感兴趣,就会关闭该话题,这样一来就不可能产生双话题同时发展的局面。所以交际双方对话题的共同兴趣,是双话题平行推进的心理因素。

四、双话题平行推进在外语教学中的意义

网络是一种高效的外语教学手段。利用教学目标语言通过网络进行交流,是提高语言运用能力和目标语思维能力的有效途径。外语教学中一直强调学生多多动口动手,在实际的语言运用中习得语言。很多时候我们会面临一种矛盾局面:当学生在交际过程中多次发生语言运用不当,教师是否应该一一纠正?在日常的教学活动中,遇上学生语言运用失误,教师往往使用如例(2)所示的旁插语列产生一个修正话题来纠正学生的错误。但旁插语列是以中断交际话题为前提的。若学生多次犯错,老师用旁插语列一一纠正,则会使交际话题多次中断,以至最后无法进行下去。学生频繁被中断话题进行修正,容易对自己的能力产生怀疑从而失去信心,不愿再开口。这种局面无疑和我们的教学初衷是背道而驰的。但是,若对学生的错误不加修正,任其发展,则难以教会学生纯正地道的语言,这当然不是我们希望看到的结果。LoCAlhOST外语老师往往左支右绌,难以掌握准确的尺度,难免顾此失彼。

利用网络交际中双话题平行推进的特点,就可避免以上难堪,做到一石双鸟。当学生出现语言运用失误时,老师可及时运用一个旁插语列进行修正,如:

例(10)t:the western manners infect you.

s:everyone wants to win, that’s human being’snature.

t:humanity is ok. human being’s nature is tooverbal.

s:ok, thanks.

若学生多次出错,老师可多次运用旁插语列,形成一个专门的教学修正话题,这个话题与原交际话题平行推进,如:

例(11)s: may i make a request? (qm)

t: go ahead. (am)

s: if i have difficulty in english or i can’t to saysome sentence in english, can i use chinese?t: ok, doesn’t matter. but in english. (am)

t: mistakes. should be“i can’t say ...”the word“to”can’t be put after a modal verb;“some sentences”, plural form. (qn)

s: ok, i will try my best. (qm)

s: oh, thank you to correct my english wrong!(an)

t: communication is the best way to learn language, so try to use english as more as possible.(am)

t: welcome. mistake: better say“thank you forcorrecting my mistakes”. (qn)

s: oh. but i have no chance to speak english before you. (qm)

t: you mean talking to me? (am)

s: yes. (qm)

t: poor girl. then keep talking to me. (am)

s: i’m glad to talk with you. i gave 5 jiao to thebeggar yesterday morning, even though i’m poor!(qm)

t: eh? are you kidding? here“poor”means“pitiful”, but not“lacking money”.

t: i’m sure you will improve your english. (am)

s: oh! sorry! i’m really a poor girl. (an)

s: thank you, teacher. (qm)

t: never mind. (am)

t: should say“thank you, sir”. (qn)

s: why! you don’t want to have a student?(an)

t:“teacher”can’t be used to address people.(qn)

s: oh! i know! thank you, sir! (an)

t: better this time. (qn)

这段对话有两个明显不同的话题在同时推进,一个是师生

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