证据规则的法典化 |
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近年来,我国理论界在证据规则的立法方面进行了诸多有益的探索,并形成了一些比较富有创造性的成果,其中最卓著的就是有关证据立法的学者建议稿。这些建议稿可以说是我国学术界在证据规则法典化方向上迈出的一大步。作为一个以成文法典为最主要 [28]james f.stephen,id,at xiii. [29]william twining,rethinking evidence:exploratory essays,northwestern university press,1994,p.55. [30]有关传闻法则中的具体规则,可参看:fed.r.evid.,rule 801—807;中文介绍及评论,可参见易延友:“传闻法则:历史、规则与原理——兼对我国传闻法则移植论之反思”,《清华法学》2008年第3期。 [31]edward j.imwinkelried,the worst evidence principle:the best hypothesis as to the logical structure of evidence law,46 u.miami l.rev.1069,1069—1071(1992). [32]james f.stephen,a digest of the law of evidence,second edition reprint,st.louis,f.h.thomas and company,1879,at introduction,p.viii,xix. [33]波洛克、塞耶等均对史蒂芬的这一观点提出了批评。lOCaLHosT参见william twining,rethinking evidence:exploratory essays,northwestern university press,1994,p.85,note 99.波洛克甚至说史蒂芬的观点是“一个光辉的错误”。同前,note 108. [34]威格默的观点,参看john henry wigmore,evidence in trials at common law,peter tillers revised,little brown and company,1983,pp.605 and infra;塞耶的观点,参看本文第5部分的介绍及相关注释。 [35]例如,christopher b.mueller & laird c.kirkpatrick:“mistrust of juries is the single overriding reason for the law of evidence”,in evidence under the rules:text,cases,and problems,little brown and company,1988,p.1. [36]dale a.nance,the best evidence principle,iowa law review,january,1988. [37]fed.r.evid.,rule 1001,1002,1003. [38]g.gilbert,the law of evidence 3—4(1st ed.1754).转引自:dale a.nance,su[ra note,p.253. [39]dale a.nance,supra note,pp.232—233. [40]dale a.nance,supra note,p.233. [41]william twining,supra note,pp.72—74. [42]ferrara & dimercurio v.st.paul mercury ins.co.,240 f.3d 1,6(1st cir..2001);jack b.weinstein,margaret a.berger,wienstein’s evidence manual student edition,6th edition,lexisnexis,2003,at 6.01(5)(a). [43]irving younger,symposium:the federal rules of evidence:introduction,12 hofstra l.rev.251(1984),p.252. [44]l.kivin wroth,the federal rules of evidence in the states:a ten—year perspective,30 vill.l.rev.1315,1318(1985),p1321;kenneth graham,state adaptation of the federal rules:the pros and cons,43 okla,l.rev.293,312 n.87(1990),p.298. [45]see,margaret a.berger,the federal rules of evidence;defining and refining the goals of codification,12 hofstra l.rev.255,258—59(1984).note 4. [46]paul c.giannelli,understanding evidence,lexisnexis,2003,p.10. [47]stephen a.saltzburg,the federal rules of ev [1] [2] [3] [4] 下一页
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