摘要:以市场为导向的组织将更能够获得可持续竞争优势和卓越的经营绩效,基于市场的资源和优良的市场绩效有助于企业实现理想的股东价值。营销资源导致的成本优势可以通过降价增加顾客感知价值,或者可以再投资于创造更多的基于市场的资源。
关键词:市场导向;营销资源;市场绩效;股东价值

一般认为,市场导向是企业实现可持续竞争优势的关键方式,并且能够显著改善组织绩效,许多研究从实证的角度证实了企业市场导向和经营绩效之间存在显著的正相关关系。本文研究基于市场导向的营销资源、顾客绩效和市场绩效、以及股东价值之间的关系,旨在深入理解以市场为导向的组织文化对企业可持续竞争优势的影响。

一、营销资源的种类及其关系

当代营销理论的基石是市场导向,本文采纳基于组织文化视角的市场导向定义。图1显示了市场导向型组织文化影响市场绩效和股东价值的内在机制。简言之,营销支持资源影响基于市场的企业资源(包括能力和资产)的水平和质量,进而能够改善交付给顾客的价值并产生优良的市场绩效,而基于市场的企业资源和优良的市场绩效有助于企业实现理想的股东价值。营销资源导致的成本优势将可以用来通过降价增加顾客感知价值,或者可以再投资于创造更多的基于市场的资源。此外,企业应该持续监控和反馈顾客绩效和市场绩效,调整基于市场的资源的培育和 [2] kotter jp. what leaders really do[j].harvard business review, 2001,79(11):85-96.
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