ss, 1994, p. 13; abraham goldstein, "reflections on two models: inquisitorial themes in american criminal procedure', 26 stan. l. rev. (1974), 1009.近期对于帕卡模式理论的争论,see david j. smith, "case construction and the goals of criminal process", 37 brit. j. criminology(1997), 319; mike mcconville, "descriptive or critical sociology: the choice is yours", 37 brit. j. criminology(1997), 347; peter duff, crime control, "due process and the case for the prosecution", 38 brit. j. criminology(1998), 611.
(22)see generally peter arnelia, "rethinking the functions of criminal procedure: the warren and burger courts' competing ideologies", 72 geo. l.j. (1983), 185; mirjan damaska, "evidentiary barriers to conviction and two models of criminal procedure: a comparative study", 121 u. pa. l. rev. (1973), 506; malcolm feeley, "two models of the criminal process: an organizational perspective", 7 l. & soc'y rev. (1973), 407; john griffiths, "ideology in criminal procedure or a third 'model' of the criminal process", 79 yale l.j. (1970), 359.
(23)see richard ericson & patricia baranek, the ordering of justice: a study of the accused persons as dependents in the criminal process, university of toronto press, 1982; doreen mcbarnet, conviction: law, the state and the construction of justice, palgrave macmillan, 1981.
(24)herbert l. packer, the limits of the criminal sanction part ii, stanford university press, 1968, p.159.
(25)ibid., p.163.
(26)ibid., p.165.
(27)ibid., p.173.
(28)ibid., p.158.
(29)see generally, john hagan, the disreputable pleasures: crime and deviance in canada, mcgraw-hill ryerson, 1991.
(30)but see andrew ashworth, the criminal process, oxford university press, 1994, p.26.
(31)herbert l. packer, the limits of the criminal sanction part ii, stanford university press, 1968, p.159.
(32)ibid., p.160.
(33)see peter arnelia, "rethinking the functions of criminal procedure: the warren and burger courts' competing ideologies", 72 geo. l. j. 185(1983), 185.
(34)see herbert l. packer, the limits of the criminal sanction part ii, stanford university press 1968, p.177.
(35)ibid., p.189.
(36)ibid., p.203.
(37)ibid., p.196.
(38)ibid., p.199.
(39)see albert v. dicey, introduction to the study of the law of the constitution, adamant media corporation, 1959. p.193
(40)people v. defore, 150 n. e. 585,587
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