[⑦] commercial solvents是一种名为amiobutanal的化学原料垄断性生产者,其客户之一的zoja使用该原料制造名为ethambutol的药剂,用于治疗肺结核。这种药剂的只有包括zoja在内的三个生产商能够生产。而commercial solvents在收购zoja失败之后,决定自行生产ethambutol药剂,并同时断绝供给原料给zoja。joined cases 6-7/73, [1974] ecr 223.
[⑧] [1992] 5 cmlr 255.
[⑨] mci communications v. at&t co. 708 f.2d 1081 (1983)
[⑩] 作为拒绝交易的一种形式,核心设施理论在行为类型上属于市场支配地位滥用。
[11] oscar bronner gmbh & co. kg v. mediaprint zeitungs-und zeitschriftenverlag gmbh & co. kg, case c-7/97, 1998 e.c.r. i-7791, [1999] 4 c.m.l.r. 112.
[12] 472 u.s. 585 (1985)。
[13] 807 f.2d 520 (7th cir. 1986)。
[14] fishman v. estate of wirtz, 807 f.2d 520, 539 (7th cir. 1986)。
[15] blue cross & blue shield v. marshfield clinic, 65 f.3d 1406 (7th cir. 1995)。
[16] 消费者偏好标准实际上从需求弹性的角度表述了相关市场的理论,只是单纯地从消费者偏好的角度角度无法很好地借用相关市场理论。
[17] 900 f.2d 566 (2nd cir. 1990)。
[18] 797 f.2d 370 (7th cir.), reh''g denied, 802 f.2d 217 (1986), cert. denied, 480 u.s. 934 (1987)。
[19] laurel sand & gravel, inc v. csx transportation, inc 924 f. 2d 539, 545.
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[12] gregory j. werden, the law and economics of the essential facility doctrine, 32 st. louis l.j. , 1987: 433.
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[14] australia government publishing servi
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